The intaglio method called drypoint involves pulling a burin, a needle-like tool, across the surface of the metal, making soft, fuzzy marks.Įngravings are created by pushing a burin across the plate to remove thin metal ribbons. Marks can be made directly on the surface with several different techniques. Intaglio comes from an Italian term meaning “to cut into.” The image area in the intaglio plate sits below the surface of the matrix: the opposite of relief printing. Intaglio is the umbrella term for a family of techniques that involve incising marks into metal plates-usually copper or zinc-or into an acrylic sheet.
#Intaglio techniques registration
Multiple blocks can be inked with different colors, each printed on top of the same piece of paper, using a registration system to perfectly align the image. Once inked, the image can be printed using a printing press, or rubbed by hand. The image area is on a higher plane than the negative space, making it possible to roll ink onto the surface using a hand-roller, or brayer. Relief prints are made by carving away material from the matrix, often made of wood or linoleum, to create negative space around an image. These techniques can be used alone or in combination with one another to create the desired effects. The matrix is the block, plate, or surface from which the print is taken. Each process has a unique mark or characteristic because of the way the matrix is created. There are three main printing processes: relief, intaglio, and planography, which includes lithography and screenprinting.
Prior to the invention of printmaking methods, creating a reproduction meant painstakingly copying each image or word by hand. The firm pressure of the printing press slowly rubs out the finer details of the image with every pass through.Printmaking, known as the democratic medium, revolutionized the dissemination of information through the mass production of images and text. The type of metal used for the plate impacts the number of prints the plate will produce. The plate is then put through a high-pressure printing press with a sheet of paper and the paper then picks up the ink from the etched lines, making a print.Ĭopper is a traditional metal used, and is still preferred among many printers for etching, as it bites evenly, holds texture well, and does not distort the colour of the ink when wiped.
The plate is then inked all over and then the ink wiped off the surface, leaving behind only the ink in the etched lines. The longer the plate is immersed in the acid, the coarser the exposed lines will be. The plate is then dipped in a bath of acid.The acid bites into the metal where it is exposed, leaving behind lines sunk into the plate. The plate is first coated with an acid resistant waxy substance (called ground) and a sharp tool or etching needle is used to create the image. The image is created when the ink is retrieved from the recessed areas of the plate.Įtching is a technique through which prints are made by inscribing an image on to a metal plate(copper, zinc or steel most commonly used) that is then bitten with acid. Acid is also used to create these grooves that are then filled with ink. Normally, copper or zinc plates are used as a surface or matrix, and the incisions are created by etching, engraving, drypoint, aquatint or mezzotint. It is the direct opposite of a relief print.
Intaglio is the form of printing and printmaking techniques in which the image is incised into a surface, and the incised line or sunken area holds the ink.
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